Would all of these be suitable for a family with two youngish teens for a weeks winter sun?
It all depends on what sort of activities your family are looking for.
Jandia and Costa Calma are in the south and are rather "European" - if you like a good night out you may struggle to find the standard Brit/Irish bars (if that's your taste), however the hotels in the south are generally of a high standard and I'm sure the hotel entertainment would be good. Fantastic beaches in the south too!
Last Easter we stayed in Caleta with a 17 and 14 year old, and would definitely go again, it's a small resort with lots of nice places to go for a meal and a drink. The beach is man-made (which kind of defeats the point of going to Fuerte - the only Canary island with miles and miles of natural golden beaches) but it's very nice and the sea is shallow there, so on a hot day it will warm up a little quicker than the hotel pool - we really struggled with our hotel pool last Easter, it was freezing
Corralejo is larger than Caleta and has fantastic sand dunes with lots of watersports and there's a small waterpark.